Xerosis is a common condition of the skin. In general terms xerosis can be thought of as excessively dry skin. It can occur at any age, but the older a person gets the more commonly xerosis is found. Typically it appears as very dry skin, and in some the skin may be so dry that scales and cracks form. It can occur anywhere, but it is most frequently seen on the arms and legs.

Causes of Xerosis

Xerosis can be caused by many factors, including:

washing with excessively hot water.
using non-moisturizing soap.
showering or bathing more than once a day.
bathing for long periods of time.

Symptoms of Xerosis

The symptoms of Xerosis include itching, flaking, and fine lines. Xerosis of the foot is common in patients with diabetes and can lead to severe complications, such as ulcers, infections, and cracks in the skin (fissures).

Treatment of Xerosis

The treatment for dry skin is to return moisture to the skin. You can do this by applying moisturizing oils or lotions, using mild soaps when bathing, and avoiding rubbing the skin dry after a shower or bath. Instead, pat gently with a towel. The best time to moisturize is right after a shower or bath, when the water helps trap the moisture in your skin. You can increase the humidity in your home during the winter months with a humidifier. Severe xerosis, as in diabetic patients, is treated with a prescription medicated lotion. In some cases, xerosis can cause severe complications in diabetic patients, requiring amputation of the foot.

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